Sources Of Environmental DNA - 1530 Words

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is not directly sampled from an organism instead is released from the organism to the environment (https://freshwaterhabitats.org.uk/projects/edna/edna/). Sources of eDNA are divided in intraorganismal eDNA and extraorganismal eDNA, where the former refers to DNA inside a living organism and the latest indicate eDNA not inside a living organism and under influences of the degradation process. More precisely, intraorganismal eDNA describes microbe and small organisms living in the soil, water or air, whilst extraorganismal eDNA include shedding cells or faces dispersed in the environment (Turner et al, 2012). Traditional methods of crayfish species detection are often time-consuming, costly, potentially dangerous†¦show more content†¦Currently, eDNA has some weaknesses in the detection of target species, either endangered or invasive. These weaknesses are predominantly the appearance of false positives likewise false negatives which alter the prevalence of target organism in a certain area (Roussel et al, 2015). Even if marine and freshwater ecosystems are rich in eDNA, the persistence of eDNA fragments in such environment is short, although depending on the type of organisms and habitat conditions. The exposure of water samples to light and temperature has an effect on the efficiency of detection. Amphibians eDNA showed better detectability in aquaria after 11 days in shaded place, compared with full sun samples which detectability cease after 8 days. However, samples with the longest persistence were those refrigerated where eDNA was detectable after 18 days in all samples. Subsequently, salamanders eDNA was introduced in inhabit streams, left 24 hours and removed. One hour after removing the salamanders, eDNA was not anymore detectable (Pillod et al, 2013). Some other studies showed good detectability in aquatic facilities or tanks, but worse or non-existent after reproducing the experiment in natural habitat (Quentin). The concentration of microbes in tank and temperature in natural habi tat is another factor which can influence the concentration of eDNA in samples (Tsuji et al, 2017). The detectability of eDNA in seawater is lower than in the other aqueousShow MoreRelatedSex Determination By Amplification Of Amelogenin Gene From Dental Pulp Tissue By Pcr1727 Words   |  7 Pagesof the Amelogenin gene using PCR method on DNA isolated from dental pulp, which was exposed to various environmental conditions created artificially to mimic a forensic scenario. Materials and Method: This in-vitro study was conducted by subjecting extracted teeth to various conditions imitating a forensic scene, viz. desiccation at room temperatures, immersion in salt water, burial in soil and even exposing to temperatures of 150  ºC, 250  ºC, 350  ºC. 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